INFLUENCE OF SOIL TILLAGE AND LOW HERBICIDE DOSES ON WEED POPULATIONS AND SPRING BARLEY YIELD
Mira Knežević, Marija Đurkić, I. Knežević, K. Hajba
[Poljoprivreda / Agriculture. 9(1):25-30, June 2003.]
Scientific review
|
ABSTRACT The influence of different tillage variants and low herbicide doses of triasulfuron & chlortoluron mixture (Dicuran forte 80 WP) on weed populations and crop yield were studied in spring barley on lessive pseudogley soil in North-Eastern Croatia at the Čačinci locality in 1999. Tillage had no significant influence on annual broad-leaved weed biomass production, which was 22 kg ha-1, on the average. Chisel ploughing and disk harrowing significantly increased perennial weed biomass by 21 and 44 times, respectively compared to mouldboard ploughing. The average efficacy of total weed biomass control was 95, 89 and 81% at full, one-half and one-quarter of the recommended herbicide dose, respectively and did not differ very much between tillage treatments. Both reduced herbicide doses ensured very good biomass control of the most abundant weed populations such as Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Chenopodium album L., Ch. polyspermum L. and Polygonum lapathifolium L. No significant tillage and herbicide dose effects were recorded in barley yields, which ranked from 4.93 t ha-1 in chisel ploughing to 4.48 t ha-1 in disk harrowing. These results suggested a possibility of mouldboard ploughing substitution with reduced tillage practices on lessive pseudogley soil and herbicide dose reduction of triasulfuron & chlortoluron mixture to 50% or more in spring barley. |
Keywords: Spring barley, soil tillage, weed populations, weed dry biomass, crop yield
UTJECAJ OBRADE TLA I NISKIH HERBICIDNIH DOZA NA KOROVNU POPULACIJU I PRINOS JAROG JEČMA
|
SAŽETAK Utjecaj nekih varijanta reduciranih obrada tla i smanjenih doza herbicidnog pripravka Dicurana forte 80 WP na korovnu populaciju i prinos jarog ječma ispitivan je na lesiviranom pseudogleju na lokalitetu Čačinci u 1999. godini. Najbrojnije korovne vrste bile su iz skupine jednogodišnjih dvosupnica: Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Chenopodium album L., Chenopodium polyspermum L. i Polygonum lapathifolium L. Obrada tla nije značajno utjecala na produkciju suhe mase te korovne skupine, čija je prosječna masa iznosila 22 kg ha-1. Reducirane obrade tla (tanjuranje svake druge godine u izmjeni s oranjem, oranje s chisel plugom i kontinuirano tanjuranje) povećale su masu višegodišnjih korova za 10 do 54 puta prema konvencionalnoj obradi. Herbicidni pripravak u dozama od 100%, 50% i 25% preporučene doze postigao je dobru prosječnu učinkovitost od 95, 89 i 81%. Obrada tla i smanjenje herbicidnih doza nisu značajno utjecali na prinose usjeva, koji su varirali u prosjeku od 4,93 t ha-1 u obradi s chisel plugom do 4,48 t ha-1 u obradi kontinuiranim tanjuranjem, bez statističkih razlika. Rezultati su pokazali mogućnost zamjene konvencionalne obrade s reduciranim oblicima obrada na pseudogleju uz uporabu smanjenih doza herbicidnog pripravka Dicurana forte 80 WP za 50% i više u proizvodnji jarog ječma. |
Ključne riječi: jari ječam, obrada tla, korovne populacije, suha masa korova, prinos ječma
| FULL TEXT |