INFLUENCE OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE ON YIELD AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN CORN HYBRIDS
V. Kovačević, I. Brkić
[Poljoprivreda / Agriculture. 9(1):15-19, June 2003.]
Scientific review
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ABSTRACT Six corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids (OsSK 377; OsSK 382; OsSK 407; OsSK 552; OsSK 644 and Bc 66-61) were grown on strong K-fixing soil during the growing season 1993. Increased K fertilization in KCl form was applied in spring of 1990 to level of 3250 kg K2O ha-1. Four rates were used for testing corn hybrids response (150, 1000, 1900 and 3250 kg K2O ha-1). Response of corn to K fertilization was very pronounced: grain yields were in range from 1.83 t h-1 (150 kg K2O ha-1) to 7.04 t ha-1 (3250 K2O ha-1). Differences of grain yields among corn hybrids were from 4.35 t ha-1 (Bc 66-61) to 5.31 t ha-1 (OsSK 407). Significant differences of nutritional status among the hybrids were found as follows (mg kg-1): 18.9-26.5 (zinc), 14.4-17.4 (manganese), 120-144 (iron) and 18.2-23.2 (copper), respectively. Zinc status in corn leaves was independent on applied fertilization, while the concentration of manganese, iron and copper was significantly decreased by application of the highest KCl rate (mg kg-1: 17.4 and 12.6 Mn, 150 and 120 Fe, 21.5 and 18.5 Cu, for the control and 3250 kg K2O ha-1, respectively). As affected by KCl fertilization there were found considerable differences in K and Mg status of corn leaves as follows: 0.31% K (acute K deficiency) and 1.18% K, as well as 1.08% Mg and 0.47% Mg, for the control and 3250 kg K2O ha-1, respectively. |
Keywords: corn, yield, hybrids, fertilization, potassium, magnesium, zinc, manganese, iron, copper, ear-leaf status
UTJECAJ KALIJEVA KLORIDA NA PRINOS I STANJE ISHRANE U DVA HIBRIDA KUKURUZA
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SAŽETAK Šest hibrida kukuruza (Zea mays L.: OsSK 377; OsSK 382; OsSK 407; OsSK 552; OsSK 644 i Bc 66-61) uzgajano je na tlu sa snažnom fiksacijom kalija tijekom vegetacije 1993. godine. Rastuće količine kalijevog klorida (KCl) dodane su u proljeće 1990. do razine 3250 kg K2O ha-1. Četiri varijante (150, 1000, 1900 i 3250 kg K2O ha-1) korištene su za testiranje reakcije kukuruza na gnojidbu. Reakcija hibrida kukuruza na gnojidbu bila je vrlo izražena, jer su prinosi zrna bili u rasponu od 1,83 t ha-1 (150 kg K2O ha-1) do 7,04 t ha-1 (3250 K2O ha-1). Razlike prinosa između hibrida bile su od 4,35 t ha-1 (Bc 66-61) do 5,31 t ha-1 (OsSK 407). Utvrđene su i signifikantne razlike između hibrida u koncentracijama mikroelemenata (mg kg-1): od 18,9 do 26,5 (cink), od 14,4 do 17,4 (mangan), od 120 do 144 (željezo) i od 18,2 do 23,2 (bakar). Koncentracije cinka u listu kukuruza bile su neovisne o primijenjenoj gnojidbi, dok su koncentracije mangana, željeza i bakra značajno smanjene primjenom najveće količine gnojiva (mg kg-1: 17,4 i 12,6 Mn, 150 i 120 Fe, 21,5 i 18,5 Cu, za kontrolu, odnosno 3250 kg K2O ha-1). Također, utvrđen je značajan utjecaj KCl gnojidbe na koncentracije kalija i magnezija: 0,31% K (akutan nedostatak kalija) i 1,18% K, 1,08% Mg i 0,47% Mg na kontroli, odnosno varijanti s 3250 kg K2O ha-1). |
Ključne riječi: kukuruz, prinos, gnojidba, kalij, magnezij, cink, mangan, željezo, bakar, list ispod klipa
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