RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN A MAIZE BREEDING PROGRAM FOR NATIVE RESISTANCE TO WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM
I. Brkić, A. Brkić, Marija Ivezić, Tatjana Ledenčan, A. Jambrović, Z. Zdunić, J. Brkić, Emilija Raspudić, D. Šimić
[Poljoprivreda / Agriculture. 18(1):3-7, June 2012.]
Scientific review
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ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the optimum allocation of the number of plants sampled per plot and number of locations and years required for screening maize genotypes for reduced root damage caused by western corn rootworm (WCR) larvae, major pest of maize in Croatia, Europe and in the USA. Field trials were conducted on two locations Eastern Croatia, a major maize production area with natural WCR occurrence under continuous maize growing conditions. The trials were set as an incomplete lattice block design in two replications in 2007, 2008 and 2009 including 128 genotypes from various maize gene-pools. Our results suggest that the effect of year and respective interactions including year were the most important factors in maize breeding programs for native resistance to WCR. Thus, screening germplasm for WCR resistance should be made in a multi-year experiment, but not necessarily as a multi-location experiment. Resource optimization should be done by reducing number of roots per plot to minimum 4 sampled plants due to small within-plot environmental variance. |
Keywords:breeding, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, maize, native resistance, root damage
ALOKACIJA RESURSA U PROGRAMU OPLEMENJIVANJA KUKURUZA ZA PRIRODNU OTPORNOST NA KUKURUZNU ZLATICU
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SAŽETAK Cilj ovoga rada bio je odrediti optimalnu alokaciju broja biljaka za uzorak po parcelici, kao i broj lokacija i godina potrebnih za procjenu genotipova kukuruza za oštećenje korijena, nastaloga zbog larvi kukuruzne zlatice (WCR), glavnoga štetnika na kukuruzu u Hrvatskoj, Europi i SAD-u. Poljski su pokusi provedeni na dvije lokacije u Istočnoj Hrvatskoj, gdje je učestala pojava WCR u monokulturi. Pokusi su postavljeni prema nepotpunome bloknome planu (lattice) u dva ponavljanja u 2007., 2008. i 2009. godini, uključujui 128 genotipova kukuruza različitoga genetskoga podrijetla. Rezultati našega istraživanja ukazuju na veliku važnost faktora godine i interakcija koje uključuju godinu za programe oplemenjivanja kukuruza za prirodnu otpornost na WCR. Stoga je procjenu germplazme za otpornost na WCR potrebno učiniti u višegodišnjim pokusima, koji se ne moraju nužno provesti na više lokacija. Optimizacija resursa trebala bi uključivati i smanjenje broja biljaka po parcelici na minimum od 4 biljke za uzorak, zbog relativno male okolinske varijance unutar parcelice. |
Ključne riječi: oplemenjivanje, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, kukuruz, prirodna otpornost, oštećenje korijena
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